TY - JOUR ID - 81081 TI - The Coins In the Name of Imam Mahdi in Pre-Safavid Era and Formation of the Concept of Shiite Ruler JO - Emamat Pajouhi JA - JEP LA - en SN - ‪2588-6533 AU - Azarinia, Hamidreza AU - Afrakhteh, Mohammad Hossein AD - PHD Candidate in Anthropology at Tehran Univercity AD - M.A.in the history of Islam from Tehran Univercity, Researcher at Institute of Imamite Studies Y1 - 2016 PY - 2016 VL - 6 IS - 20 SP - 169 EP - 186 KW - Imam Mahdi KW - Shiite ruler KW - Numismatics KW - Pre-Safavid DO - 10.22034/jep.2016.81081 N2 - Imamite Muslims, who follow twelve Imams from decent of the prophet, believe that the political ruling is de jure dedicated to the prophet and the twelve Imams. They believe that Imam Muhammad Al-Mahdi, the twelfth Imam who was born in 9th century AD is still alive and will come back in the promised day for constructing a heavenly world. For Imamite Muslims, who are also known as Twelver Shia, the legitimate government and the right of ruling is dedicated to Imam Mahdi. While Shiite community did not developed as a society, they participated in Sunni social institutions as a minority. Afterward in medieval period, when Sunni caliphate collapsed in Baghdad by Mongol invasion, maintaining the social order obliged the Shia to establish government on their own. In this article, we will explore the formation of a new role for Shia rulers as the representative of Imam Mahdi. Our investigation is based on the coins of Shiite rulers in the formative period of Shiite government concept. We find out the Shiite Sultan and Amir suppose himself a ruler in force majeure circumstances, who shall give up his position to Imam Mahdi in his reappearance. UR - https://jep.emamat.ir/article_81081.html L1 - https://jep.emamat.ir/article_81081_776c0b89dbd54215df005133a3e8fb3d.pdf ER -